"Oliver Twist," originally titled "Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy's Progress," is one of the most celebrated novels by the renowned British author Charles Dickens. Published in 1838, this literary masterpiece not only showcases Dickens’ deep social conscience but also offers a gripping narrative that continues to resonate with readers around the world.

Set in the backdrop of Victorian England, the story follows the life of Oliver, an orphan who is born into a workhouse and later sent to live with a cruel undertaker. His early years are marked by hardship, hunger, and neglect. However, his journey takes a dramatic turn when he runs away from the workhouse and ends up in London, where he is drawn into the world of crime through the influence of a gang led by the cunning Fagin.

Through Oliver’s experiences, Dickens exposes the harsh realities faced by the poor and the vulnerable in 19th-century society. He highlights issues such as child labor, poverty, and the failure of the welfare system. At the same time, the novel also portrays the power of innocence and the possibility of redemption, as Oliver remains morally upright despite the challenges he faces.

One of the most memorable characters in the book is the Artful Dodger, whose charm and wit contrast sharply with the darker elements of the story. Another key figure is Nancy, a complex character who embodies both the cruelty and the capacity for compassion within the criminal underworld.

"Oliver Twist" has been adapted into numerous films, plays, and musicals, including the famous Oliver! by Lionel Bart, which brought the story to a wider audience. Its themes of justice, morality, and human resilience continue to make it a timeless classic.

In summary, "Oliver Twist" is more than just a story about an orphan; it is a powerful critique of society and a testament to the enduring strength of the human spirit. Its vivid characters, compelling plot, and social commentary ensure its place as a cornerstone of English literature.