【keep的用法(讲义及2023届高考英语一轮复习)】一、引言
在英语学习中,“keep”是一个非常常见的动词,其用法广泛且灵活。它不仅表示“保持”、“保存”等基本含义,还可以构成多种固定搭配和短语动词。对于备战高考的学生来说,掌握“keep”的不同用法和搭配是提升语言综合运用能力的重要一步。
二、基本含义与常见用法
1. 保持(状态、情绪等)
- She kept quiet during the meeting.
(她在会议期间保持沉默。)
- Keep calm and carry on.
(保持冷静,继续前进。)
2. 保留、保存
- Keep your receipts for tax purposes.
(为了报税,请保留好收据。)
- He keeps a diary every day.
(他每天坚持写日记。)
3. 维持(关系、联系等)
- I try to keep in touch with my old friends.
(我努力和老朋友保持联系。)
4. 饲养、养(动物)
- They keep cows and chickens on their farm.
(他们在农场养牛和鸡。)
三、常见搭配与短语动词
| 搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| keep doing sth. | 继续做某事 | He kept talking all night. |
| keep + 宾语 + 形容词 | 使某人/某物处于某种状态 | Keep the door open. |
| keep away from | 远离 | Keep away from the fire. |
| keep up with | 跟上、不落后 | She can’t keep up with the fast pace of life. |
| keep off | 避免、不靠近 | Keep off the grass. |
| keep back | 阻止、隐瞒 | He kept back his tears. |
| keep on | 继续 | Keep on going, you’re almost there. |
| keep out | 使……在外面 | Keep the rain out. |
四、易混搭配辨析
| 搭配 | 含义 | 对比说明 |
|------|------|----------|
| keep up with | 跟上 | 强调“跟得上”进度或信息 |
| catch up with | 赶上 | 强调“追上”别人或事物 |
| keep in touch | 保持联系 | 强调持续的沟通 |
| get in touch | 取得联系 | 强调首次建立联系 |
五、典型高考题型分析
例题1:
She ______ her promise and finished the work on time.
A. kept
B. made
C. did
D. gave
解析:
正确答案是 A。句意为“她遵守了承诺,按时完成了工作。”“keep one's promise”是固定搭配,表示“遵守诺言”。
例题2:
The doctor told him to ______ smoking.
A. keep
B. stop
C. go on
D. take
解析:
正确答案是 B。“stop smoking”是固定搭配,表示“戒烟”。
六、总结与记忆技巧
- “keep”常用于表达“保持某种状态”,注意与“stay”“remain”等词的区别。
- 掌握常见搭配是关键,如“keep up with”“keep away from”等。
- 多做真题练习,熟悉高考中常见的考查方式。
- 利用口诀或联想记忆法帮助记忆,如:“Keep it up! Don’t keep back!”
七、课后练习(选做)
1. 请用“keep”完成下列句子:
- I need to ______ my weight.
- He always ______ the same job.
- We should ______ the environment clean.
2. 翻译下列句子:
- 请不要靠近那辆着火的车。
- 她一直保持着乐观的态度。
- 我们必须跟上时代的发展。
结语:
“Keep”虽简单,但其用法丰富多样。通过系统学习和反复练习,相信同学们能够熟练掌握这一高频词汇,为高考英语打下坚实基础。