【Gettysburg(Address及葛底斯堡演说原文及译文)】在历史的长河中,有许多演讲因其深刻的思想和鼓舞人心的力量而被铭记。其中,美国第16任总统亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln)于1863年11月19日发表的《葛底斯堡演说》(Gettysburg Address),便是这样一篇具有深远影响的演讲。
这场演讲是在美国南北战争期间,为纪念在葛底斯堡战役中阵亡的士兵而发表的。虽然当时林肯只是作为一位嘉宾出席,但他的讲话却成为了美国历史上最著名的演讲之一。它不仅表达了对牺牲将士的敬意,也重申了国家的建国理念与未来方向。
原文:Gettysburg Address
Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have hallowed it, far above our poor power to add or detract.
The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain.
That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom;
And that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
中文译文:葛底斯堡演说
八十七年前,我们的先辈在这片大陆上建立了一个新国家,它诞生于自由之中,致力于“人人生而平等”的理念。
如今,我们正经历一场伟大的内战,这是一场考验这个国家——或者任何以自由为本、以平等为宗旨的国家——能否长久存续的战争。
我们在此战场的这片土地上聚集,是为了将这片土地的一部分献给那些在这里为国家生存而献出生命的英雄们,作为他们最后的安息之地。
这是一件完全恰当且必要的事情。
然而,从更广泛的意义上讲,我们无法使这片土地变得神圣,也无法赋予它更深的意义。那些曾在此战斗过的英勇战士,无论生死,已经让这片土地变得无比神圣,远超我们微薄之力所能增减。
世人也许不会注意或长久记住我们在此所说的话,但他们永远不会忘记这些英雄所做的一切。
我们在此庄严地决心,这些逝去的生命绝不会白白牺牲。
愿这个国家,在上帝的庇佑下,迎来自由的新曙光;
并确保由人民统治、为人民服务、属于人民的政府,不会从地球上消失。
结语:
《葛底斯堡演说》虽然篇幅简短,却字字千钧,体现了林肯对国家未来的深切期望。它不仅是对战争中牺牲者的缅怀,更是对民主精神和国家使命的庄严承诺。至今,这篇演讲仍被广泛传颂,成为美国文化与政治思想的重要象征。